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Justification Justification of Red List Category This species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence 30% decline over ten years or three generations). The population size is extremely large, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion (10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure).
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For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern. Population justification In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 281,000-474,000 pairs, which equates to 561,000-949,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015).
Europe forms c.65% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 860,000-1,460,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed. Trend justification In Europe the overall trend from 1980-2011 was stable, based on provisional data for 27 countries from the Pan-European Common Bird Monitoring Scheme (EBCC/RSPB/BirdLife/Statistics Netherlands).
The trend between 2000 and 2012 was unknown (BirdLife International 2015). Ecology This species inhabits marshes, fens, lake edges and reedbeds over shallow water. In Russia, it also occupies tall grass and bushes along riverbanks, and reedy canals within sparse forest.
Generally it is found in lowlands up to c. 630 m in central Europe.
In the African non-breeding quarters the species occurs in marsh and swamp vegetation, reeds, reedmace ( Typha) and rank grass, also rice fields, sugar cane, gardens and in thickets of Salvadora persica by springs (Pearson 2006). Egg-laying begins from late April in western and central Europe and from mid-April in southern Europe (Snow and Perrins 1998). The nest is a deep cup, loosely built from dead water-plant leaves and grass stems and lined with finer leaves and plant fibres. It is well concealed less than 50 cm above water or swampy ground in aquatic vegetation.
Clutches are two to six eggs. It feeds principally on insects but also takes spiders (Araneae) and small molluscs. The species is migratory; the whole population migrates to Africa (Pearson 2006). Fire sprinkler calculation software free download. Threats The species is well-known for short term population fluctuations. These probably result from habitat changes such as drainage and natural changes in water level as well as weather conditions in its African winter quarters (Hagemeijer and Blair 1997). Marsh habitats are vulnerable to human interference such as drainage, and natural changes such as water-level changes and vegetation succession (Pearson 2006).
The species may also be vulnerable to future climate change (Maggini et al. 2014).
...'>The Italian Man Who Went To Malta Download Mp4(01.03.2019)Justification Justification of Red List Category This species has an extremely large range, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the range size criterion (Extent of Occurrence 30% decline over ten years or three generations). The population size is extremely large, and hence does not approach the thresholds for Vulnerable under the population size criterion (10% in ten years or three generations, or with a specified population structure).
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For these reasons the species is evaluated as Least Concern. Population justification In Europe, the breeding population is estimated to number 281,000-474,000 pairs, which equates to 561,000-949,000 mature individuals (BirdLife International 2015).
Europe forms c.65% of the global range, so a very preliminary estimate of the global population size is 860,000-1,460,000 mature individuals, although further validation of this estimate is needed. Trend justification In Europe the overall trend from 1980-2011 was stable, based on provisional data for 27 countries from the Pan-European Common Bird Monitoring Scheme (EBCC/RSPB/BirdLife/Statistics Netherlands).
The trend between 2000 and 2012 was unknown (BirdLife International 2015). Ecology This species inhabits marshes, fens, lake edges and reedbeds over shallow water. In Russia, it also occupies tall grass and bushes along riverbanks, and reedy canals within sparse forest.
Generally it is found in lowlands up to c. 630 m in central Europe.
In the African non-breeding quarters the species occurs in marsh and swamp vegetation, reeds, reedmace ( Typha) and rank grass, also rice fields, sugar cane, gardens and in thickets of Salvadora persica by springs (Pearson 2006). Egg-laying begins from late April in western and central Europe and from mid-April in southern Europe (Snow and Perrins 1998). The nest is a deep cup, loosely built from dead water-plant leaves and grass stems and lined with finer leaves and plant fibres. It is well concealed less than 50 cm above water or swampy ground in aquatic vegetation.
Clutches are two to six eggs. It feeds principally on insects but also takes spiders (Araneae) and small molluscs. The species is migratory; the whole population migrates to Africa (Pearson 2006). Fire sprinkler calculation software free download. Threats The species is well-known for short term population fluctuations. These probably result from habitat changes such as drainage and natural changes in water level as well as weather conditions in its African winter quarters (Hagemeijer and Blair 1997). Marsh habitats are vulnerable to human interference such as drainage, and natural changes such as water-level changes and vegetation succession (Pearson 2006).
The species may also be vulnerable to future climate change (Maggini et al. 2014).
...'>The Italian Man Who Went To Malta Download Mp4(01.03.2019)